have/get something done (2)

- I wash my car (yo lo limpio)

HAVE/GET + OBJETO + PARTICIPIO

I HAVE MY CAR WASHED (alguien me lo limpia)

Carlos repara su moto

Carlos repairs his motorbike

Carlos HAS/GETS HIS MOTORBIKE REPAIRED.

Ixel conduce su furgoneta

Ixel drives his van – HIS VAN IS DRIVEN BY IXEL

Ixel HAS HIS VAN DRIVEN

ELLA HA ROTO SU HUCHA

SHE HAS BROKEN HER SAFE BOX – HER SAFE BOX HAS BEEN BROKEN

SHE HAS HAD HER SAFE BOX BROKEN

- construirán una nueva comisaría para la ciudad.

THEY WILL BUI LD A NEW POLICE STATION FOR THE TOWN.(ACTIVA)

A NEW POLICE STATION FOR THE TOWN WILL BE BUILT BY THEM

THE TOWN… WILL HAVE A NEW POLICE STATION BUILT

- VAN A REPARAR LA MOTO DE PHILIP.

Traducir: THEY ARE GOING TO REPAIR PHILIP’S MOTORBIKE

PHILIP… IS GOING TO HAVE HIS MOTORBIKE REPAIRED

- ALGUIEN RAYÓ EL COCHE DE MI VECINO AYER.

SOMEONE SCRATCHED MY NEIGHBOUR'S CAR YESTERDAY

MY NEIGHBOUR HAD HIS CAR SCRATCHED YESTERDAY

- ALGUIEN ROMPIÓ LA NARIZ DE DAVID EN LA PELEA

SOMEONE BROKE DAVID’S NOSE IN THE FIGHT

DAVID HAD HIS NOSE BROKEN IN THE FIGHT

"have something done" - causative form

CAUSATIVE FORM
(cuando alguien hace algo para otro. No hacemos nosotros la acción sino que, alguien la hace por/para nosotros)

HAVE/GET + OBJECT + PARTICIPLE

I am going to change the book (lo voy a hacer yo)

I am going to have my book changed ( me lo van a hacer )

They repair their car = ellos reparan su coche

They have/get their car repaired = a ellos les reparan el coche

Xabi will cut his hair (Xabi se cortará el pelo)

Xabi will have his hair cut (a Xabi le cortarán el pelo)

exercises p. 46-47

1)

2.- Crimes are reported to the police by some British children

3.- dogs are not allowed to dirty the street

4.- Painting graffiti has also been included on the list of crimes (by them)

5.- their identities will always be protected by the police.

6.- My bike was stolen yesterday afternoon. (by someone)

2)

2.- Was Animal Farm also written by G. O.?

3.- How many children have been recruited by the police?

4.- is a police state being created (by them)?

5.- have the documents been signed (by anybody) yet?

6-. Who has my wallet been taken by?

3)

the children next door have been paid 300 pounds for their help (by someone)

300 pounds have been paid to the children next door for their help (by someone)

2.- a good service will be offered to the community by them

the community will be offered a good service by them

3.- they have not been told the truth

the truth has not been told to them

4.- a better salary has been promised to us by them

we have been promised a better salary by them

5.- the police are given the names of local vandals by the children

the names of local vandals are given to the police by the children.

6.- we were sent the legal documents by them

the legal documents were sent to us by them

4)

1.-  IT IS SAID THAT…THESE CHILDREN WORK REALLY HARD

THESE CHILDREN ARE SAID TO… WORK REALLY HARD.

2.- it is said that G.O. was a good novelist

G.O. is said to have been a good novelist

3.- it is thought that Pat painted the school walls with graffiti

Pat is thought to have painted the school walls with graffiti.

4.- it is believed that vandalism is decreasing in the area

vandalism is believed to be decreasing in the area.

5.-  It was thought that Peter’s friends had smashed my bedroom window.

Peter’s friends were thought to have smashed my bedroom window

PASSIVE VOICE - OTHER PASSIVE STRUCTURES

otra estructura pasiva con los verbos: say, think, believe, know, report, estimate…

2 different structures:

active: they say that this street is dangerous

dicen que esta calle es peligrosa

pasiva:

1.- IT IS SAID that this street is dangerous

2.- this street IS SAID  to be dangerous

active: they think the exam will be difficult

pasivas:

1.- it is thought the exam will be difficult

2.- the exam is thought to be difficult

activa: people say that London is beautiful

pasiva: IT IS SAID that London is beautiful = se dice que Londres es bonito

pasiva: LONDON IS SAID to be beautiful

los estudiantes saben que el libro es caro.

THE STUDENTS KNOW THAT THE BOOK IS EXPENSIVE.

IT IS KNOWN THAT THE BOOK IS EXPENSIVE = se sabe que el libro es caro.

THE BOOK IS KNOWN TO BE EXPENSIVE

Las chicas creen que Patrick trabaja duro

THE GIRLS THINK THAT PATRICK WORKS HARD

2 PASIVAS

IT IS THOUGHT THAT PATRICK WORKS HARD = SE CREE QUE PATRICK TRABAJA DURO

PATRICK IS THOUGHT TO WORK HARD

Los chicos dicen que idoia estudia mucho

THE BOYS SAY THAT IDOIA STUDIES MUCH

Se dice que Idoia estudia mucho =

IT IS SAID THAT IDOIA STUDIES MUCH

IDOIA IS SAID TO STUDY MUCH

frases PASIVA DOBLE OBJETO (II)

- Lina paga la factura al fontanero (plumber)

activa = Lina pays the bill to the plumber

pasiva = The plumber is paid the bill by Lina

pasiva = The bill is paid to the plumber by Lina

Salwa está escribiendo una carta a su novio

Salwa is writing a letter to her boyfriend

A letter is being written to her boyfriend by Salwa

Her boyfriend is being written a letter by Salwa

- Ane me comprará manzanas

Ane will buy me apples

Apples will be bought to me by Ane

I will be bought apples by Ane

- ayer compré un bolso a mi madre

activa: yesterday I bought a handbag to my mother(mum) / Yesterday I bought my mother a handbag

pasiva: yesterday a handbag was bought to my mother by me / yesterday my mother was bought a handbag by me

ejercicio VOZ PASIVA DOS OBJETOS

Traduce la siguiente frase para que quede en todas las activas y pasivas posibles en presente simple, presente continuo, futuro simple, pasado simple, presente perfecto. (en total: 20 frases)

Ella me da un libro

	activa		pasiva
Presente Simple
Presente Continuo
Futuro Simple
Pasado Simple
Presente perfecto

* haz el ejercicio antes de mirar la solución. Si, después de mirar la solución, hay algo que no entiendes, contacta.

solución

PASIVA - DOBLE OBJETO

PASIVA DE DOBLE OBJETO

LINA DA UN REGALO A PATRICK

VOZ ACTIVA:

LINA GIVES A PRESENT TO PATRICK si sustituyo los nombres por pronombres:

(gives it to him)

LINA GIVES PATRICK A PRESENT si sustituyo los nombres por pronombres:

(gives him it)

(GIVE IT TO ME = GIVE ME IT)

PASSIVE VOICE TWO OBJECTS:

- si el objeto de una activa pasa a ser sujeto de una pasiva…

- cuando tengamos 2 objetos… podremos hacer 2 pasivas con distinto sujeto cada una.

PATRICK  IS GIVEN A PRESENT BY LINA

A PRESENT IS GIVEN TO PATRICK  BY LINA

frases ejemplo VOZ PASIVA

ESTHER COME FRUTA

ESTHER EATS FRUIT

FRUIT IS EATEN BY ESTHER (la fruta es comida por Esther)

ALBA ESTÁ LEYENDO UN LIBRO

ALBA IS READING A BOOK

A BOOK IS BEING READ BY ALBA (un libro está siendo leído por Alba)

IRAIDE BEBERÁ AGUA

IRAIDE WILL DRINK WATER

WATER WILL BE DRUNK BY IRAIDE (el agua será bebida por Iraide)

JANA ENVIÓ UNA CARTA

JANA SENT A LETTER

A LETTER WAS SENT BY JANA (una carta fue enviada por Jana)

IDOIA HA SUSPENDIDO EL EXAMEN

IDOIA HAS FAILED THE EXAM

THE EXAM HAS BEEN FAILED BY IDOIA (el examen ha sido suspendido por Idoia)

voz pasiva: tiempos verbales

	ACTIVA	PASIVA
Presente simple:	THE POLICE ARRESTS THE THIEF	THE THIEF IS ARRESTED BY THE POLICE
Presente continuo:	THE POLICE IS ARRESTING THE THIEF	THE THIEF IS BEING ARRESTED BY THE POLICE
Futuro simple:	THE POLICE WILL ARREST THE THIEF	THE THIEF WILL BE ARRESTED BY THE POLICE
Pasado simple:	THE POLICE ARRESTED THE THIEF	THE THIEF WAS ARRESTED BY THE POLICE
Presente perfecto:	THE POLICE HAS ARRESTED THE THIEF	THE THIEF HAS BEEN ARRESTED BY THE POLICE

recordando... PASSIVE VOICE

ACTIVE:

SUBJECT    + VERB          + OBJECT

THE POLICE  ARRESTED   THE THIEF

PASSIVE:

OBJECT        + VERB (passive)      + SUBJECT

THE THIEF     WAS ARRESTED     BY  THE POLICE

EL CAMBIO EN EL VERBO:

TO BE EN EL TIEMPO VERBAL DEL VERBO PRINCIPAL EN LA ACTIVA

+

EL VERBO PRINCIPAL EN PARTICIPIO

ejemplos frases EXCLAMACIONES (II)

- qué frío = how cold

- qué día tan frío = what a cold day

- qué estúpido = how stupid

- qué chico tan estúpido = what a stupid boy

- qué chico tan estúpido es tu amigo = what a stupid boy your friend is

- qué chico tan estúpido eres = what a stupid boy you are

- qué estúpido eres = how stupid you are

- qué grande es tu casa = how big your house is (how big is your house)

- qué casa más grande = what a big house.

- qué sola estás = how lonely you are.

- qué solo estoy = how lonely I am.

- qué inteligente soy = how intelligent I am

- qué inteligente eres (tú) = how intelligent you are

- qué inteligente es (él) = how intelligent he is

- qué inteligentes somos = how intelligent we are

- qué inteligentes sois = how intelligent you are

- qué inteligentes son = how intelligent they are

- vaya examen más dificil haremos el próximo viernes = what a difficult exam we will do next Friday.

- qué rápido anda ella = how quickly (fast) she walks.

- qué aburrida es tu amiga = how boring your friend is.

- qué persona tan aburrida es tu amiga = what a boring person your friend is.

- qué persona tan amable es tu hermano = what a kind person your brother is.

ejemplos frases EXCLAMACIONES

* QUÉ SUEÑO TENGO

HOW SLEEPY I AM

QUÉ COCHE TAN RÁPIDO ES ESTE

WHAT A FAST CAR THIS IS

QUÉ RÁPIDO

HOW FAST

QUÉ RÁPIDO ERES

HOW FAST YOU ARE

QUÉ FRÍO

HOW COLD

QUÉ FRÍO TENGO

HOW COLD I AM

QUÉ DIFICIL

HOW DIFFICULT –

diferente de:

SO DIFFICULT = TAN DIFICIL

DEMASIADO DIFICIL = TOO DIFFICULT

DEMASIADO DINERO = TOO MUCH MONEY

DEMASIADOS LIBROS = TOO MANY BOOKS

QUÉ DIFICIL ES ESTO

HOW DIFFICULT THIS IS

QUÉ DIFICIL SERÁ EL EXAMEN

HOW DIFFICULT THE EXAM WILL BE

QUÉ FÁCIL FUE EL EXAMEN

HOW EASY THE EXAM WAS

QUÉ CARAS SON LAS NARANJAS

HOW EXPENSIVE THE ORANGES ARE

EXCLAMATIONS: WHAT (A/AN)... - HOW...

- WHAT A/AN + ADJETIVO + SUSTANTIVO CONTABLE SINGULAR

WHAT A DIFFICULT JOB! = ¡qué trabajo más/tan difícil!

- WHAT + (ADJETIVO) + SUSTANTIVO INCONTABLE (SUSTANTIVO PLURAL CONTABLE)

WHAT LOVELY COFFEE! = ¡qué café tan/más bueno!

WHAT CARS! = ¡vaya coches!

WHAT FAST CARS! = ¡qué coches tan rápidos!

* si después de la expresión aparece una estructura de sujeto y verbo, el orden es como una enunciativa no como una interrogativa:

ORDEN: WHAT + OBJECT + SUBJECT + VERB

WHAT A FAST CAR THIS IS  y no: what a fast car is this

- HOW + ADJETIVO/ADVERBIO

HOW LAZY! = ¡qué perezoso!

HOW EXCITING! = ¡qué emocionante!