PAST SIMPLE

REGULAR: verb –ed PLAY - PLAYED

IRREGULAR 2º column COME - CAME

Negative and interrogative: DID (verb = infinitive)

HE DID NOT PLAY

DID HE PLAY?

RULES:

1.      verbos acabados en –e, omiten la “e” delante de –ed : live – lived

2.      verbos una sílaba acabados en vocal breve + consonante simple duplican la consonante final: stop – stopped.

3.      verbos acabados en  consonante + y cambian la y por i y añaden –ed: study – studied

4.      verbos acabados en vocal + y añaden –ed: stay – stayed

5.      verbos de dos o más sílabas acabados en vocal breve + consonante simple, duplican la consonante final si el acento recae en la última sílaba: refer – referred

6.      Inglés Británico la –l final después de vocal corta se duplica (no en inglés Americano): travel – travelled (traveled)

USE:

- acciones pasadas en un momento determinado del pasado (suelen llevar alguna palabra que indica que está acabada la acción: yesterday)

- narrar secuencia de hechos pasados (descripción, redacción en pasado)

examples

I PLAYED FOOTBALL YESTERDAY

I DID NOT PLAY FOOTBALL YESTERDAY

DID I PLAY FOOTBALL YESTERDAY?

LAST WEEK (la semana pasada) I LEARNED A NEW WORD (aprendí una nueva palabra)

LAST WEEK I DID NOT LEARN A NEW WORD

DID I LEARN A NEW WORD LAST WEEK?

LAST YEAR SHE BEAT HER FRIEND

(el año pasado ella golpeó a su amiga)

LAST YEAR SHE DID NOT BEAT HER FRIEND

DID SHE BEAT HER FRIEND LAST YEAR?

LAST MONTH HE STUDIED MATHS

LAST MONTH HE DID NOT STUDY MATHS

DID HE STUDY MATHS LAST MONTH?

I READ A BOOK LAST NIGHT

I DID NOT READ A BOOK LAST NIGHT

DID I READ A BOOK LAST NIGHT?

I BOUGHT A BOOK

I DID NOT BUY A BOOK

DID I BUY A BOOK?

MY FAMILY AND I WENT TO VENEZUELA WITH OUR FRIENDS IN OUR PRIVATE JET LAST CHRISTMAS

MY FAMILY AND I DID NOT GO TO VENEZUELA WITH OUR FRIENDS IN OUR PRIVATE JET LAST CHRISTMAS

DID MY FAMILY AND I GO TO VENEZUELA WITH OUR FRIENDS IN OUR PRIVATE JET LAST CHRISTMAS?

B-2 unit 2 MODALS

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CAN  en negativa se utiliza cannot (can’t)  can not

- posibilidad o imposilidad

I can’t walk, I have twisted my ankle

- habilidad

I can play basket

- * be able to – completa los tiempos verbales de can. Hay tiempos (por ejemplo el futuro simple) en el que no se puede poner WILL CAN, y se pone WILL BE ABLE TO)

be able to = ser capaz de

I will can  = I WILL BE ABLE TO…

PASADO DE I CAN = I WAS ABLE TO…

Ejemplo: (puedo dibujar (en distintos tiempos))

Presente simple = I CAN DRAW

PASADO SIMPLE = I WAS ABLE TO DRAW

FUTURO SIMPLE = I WILL BE ABLE TO DRAW

- permiso

Can I go to the toilet?

- deducción: en forma negativa

she cannot do the exam. She is ill

COULD

- habilidad en el pasado

what could you do when you were ten?

When I was ten, I could dance.

- peticiones educadas

could you give me your book, please?

- imposibilidad en el pasado

I couldn’t buy tobacco because I was young

- especulaciones

the wall is broken, the author could be PatricK

- sugerencias

we could go to London next summer

- can en estilo indirecto

lina dijo: “he traído mermelada” (estilo directo)

lina dijo que… había traído mermelada (estilo indirecto = reported speech)

Lina said: “I can eat jam”

Lina said that she COULD eat jam.

- críticas

you could have studied more

BE ABLE TO (ser capaz de)

En could se dan las circunstancias para poder hacer la acción

En be able indica que se consiguió realizar la acción (como resultado de un esfuerzo)

Patric was able to repair the wall

MAY (poder)

- peticiones

May I sit with you?

- permiso

May I go to the toilet?

- posibilidad

We may have an exam tomorrow

- especulación (como could y might)
That may be the solution to your problem

B-2 test unit 2 tenses (3)

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3) complete the sentences with the correct future form of the verbs in brackets:

1)         I promise I  _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _  _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _  (buy) you a new laptop for your birthday.

2)         At 7 p.m. tomorrow you’ll find me at home. I _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _  _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _  (arrive) by then.

3)         A: What are you doing tonight? B: I  _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _  _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _  (watch) a science fiction film on TV.

4)         Can you hear the funny noise in my computer? I think it  _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _  _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _  (crash) any minute now.

5)         In the year 2015 the Internet _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _  _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _  (be) the main means of communication.

6)         At this time tomorrow we  _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _  _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _  (chat) via Skype with our friends in Brazil.

7)         By next week I _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _  _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _  already _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _  _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _  (buy) a new webcam.

8)         If you enter the Pleasure Machine, your life  _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _  _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _  (not be) the same again.

solution

B-2 test unit 2 tenses (2)

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2) write one sentence for each tense in affirmative, negative and interrogative (different examples)

future simple
(be) going to + v (inf)
presente continuo
future continuous
future perfect

solution

B-2 unit 2 test tenses (1)

1) choose the best option and write the numbers in the use of the tense:

1)          future simple
2)          (be) going to + v (inf)
3)          presente continuo
4)          future continuous
5)          future perfect

1.-       planes futuros o acciones programadas

2.-       predicciones de futuro basándose en evidencias del presente

3.-       tomar una decisión en el momento de hablar

4.-       hechos que, con mucha seguridad, van a ocurrir en el futuro.

5.-       hacer predicciones

6.-       planes futuros o confirmados

7.-       Acciones acabadas en un momento del futuro

8.-       ofrecerse a hacer algo

9.-       hacer promesas

10.-  acciones ocurriendo o en progreso en el futuro

11.-  expresar intenciones

12.-  preguntar planes de modo indirecto

13.-  pedir algo educadamente

14.-  estructura primer condicional

15.-  hechos programados en el futuro

solution

wh- questions

¿Cuándo nos las enviarán vuestras sobrinas?

WHEN WILL YOUR NIECES SEND US THEM?

WHEN, WHAT, WHY, WHERE, WHO...

LEERÁS = YOU WILL READ

YOU WILL NOT READ

WILL YOU READ?

WHEN WILL YOU READ?

WHAT WILL YOU READ?

WHY WILL YOU READ?

WHERE WILL YOU READ?

B-1 frases pronombres, posesivos (II)

4.- ella viaja con ella y su maleta no es suya.

SHE TRAVELS WITH HER AND HER SUITCASE IS NOT HERS (/ HIS / THEIRS)

5.- mis libros no son (suyos = de ellos) porque son vuestros

MY BOOKS ARE NOT THEIRS BECAUSE THEY ARE YOURS

6.- su prima y mi hermano = THEY van con tus amigos a nuestro colegio

HIS/HER COUSIN AND MY BROTHER GO WITH YOUR FRIENDS TO OUR SCHOOL

7.- ¿cuándo nos las enviarás?

WHEN WILL YOU SEND US THEM?

7B.- ¿cuándo me la enviarás?

WHEN WILL YOU SEND ME IT?

8.- Bésame

KISS ME

8b.- me besas

YOU KISS ME

8c.- ¿me besas?

DO YOU KISS ME?

8d.- ¿os besarán?

WILL THEY KISS YOU?

8e.- ¿nos besamos?

DO WE KISS EACH OTHER? / YOURSELF?

9.- ¿os las romperán?

WILL THEY BREAK YOU THEM?

10.- no nos lo ha explicado y no lo he podido estudiar, envíamelo.

HE/SHE HAS NOT EXPLAINED US IT

AND I HAVE NOT BEEN ABLE TO STUDY

SEND ME IT / SEND IT TO ME.

B-2 future forms (I)

FUTURE SIMPLE

WILL + V (inf)

USOS:

- tomar una decisión en el momento de hablar

this book is nice, I will buy it.

- hacer predicciones

It will rain tomorrow

- hechos que, con mucha seguridad, van a ocurrir en el futuro.

I will definitely play the match at the weekend

- ofrecerse a hacer algo

I will carry your suitcases

- hacer promesas

I promise I will study for next exam

- estructura primer condicional

If you come to class you will learn English

- pedir algo educadamente

Will you close the door, please?

(BE) GOING TO + V (inf)

USOS

- planes futuros o acciones programadas

Soraya is going to row in an important competition next week

- expresar intenciones

Next year I am going to travel to USA.

- predicciones de futuro basándose en evidencias del presente

they are speaking a lot so they are going to fail.

* PRESENTE CONTINUO,

planes futuros o confirmados

Next year I am travelling to USA.

FUTURE CONTINUOUS

WILL BE + V (gerundio = ing)

USOS

- acciones ocurriendo o en progreso en el futuro

at this time next week… I will be doing an exam

- preguntar planes de modo indirecto

Will you be going to the supermarket tomorrow?

- hechos programados en el futuro

I will be taking a holiday in December

FUTURE PERFECT

WILL HAVE + V (participio)

USOS

- Acciones acabadas en un momento del futuro

I will have studied English … by tomorrow (para mañana… HABRÉ ESTUDIADO Inglés…)

HALLOWEEN

Unicorn Scotland (widen competences)

The unicorn is the national animal of Scotland. The Royal Coat of Arms of Scotland, used prior to 1603 by the Kings of Scotland was supported by two unicorns and the current royal coat of arms of the United Kingdom is supported by a unicorn for Scotland along with a lion for England.

web Scottish at heart 

Unicorn - Buckingham Palace

pronombres objeto - imperativo/presente simple

Unai abre la puerta (presente simple)

Una opens the door

Unai, ¡abre la puerta! (imperativo)

Unai, open the door! (imperative)

– negativa DON’T + VERBO (inf), don’t open the door!

Dádnoslas = imperativo

Verbo (inf)	OI - persona	OD cosa
GIVE	US	THEM
	OD- cosa	PREP	OI persona
GIVE	THEM	TO	US

DÁMELAS

GIVE ME THEM

GIVE THEM TO ME

DÁMELA

GIVE ME IT

GIVE IT TO ME

DÁDNOSLA

GIVE US IT

GIVE IT TO US

(TÚ) ME LO DAS

YOU GIVE ME IT / YOU GIVE IT TO ME

¿ME LO DAS?

DO YOU GIVE ME IT?

TÚ ME LA TRAES

YOU BRING ME IT / YOU BRING IT TO ME

TRÁEMELA

BRING ME IT / BRING IT TO ME

ÉL ME LA TRAE

HE BRINGS ME IT / HE BRINGS IT TO ME

B-1 frases pronombres, posesivos

1.- vuestras amigas vendrán con nuestros amigos pero no les hablarán.

YOUR FRIENDS WILL COME WITH OURS FRIENDS BUT THEY WILL NOT SPEAK WITH THEM

2.- él va al cine con ella

HE GOES TO THE CINEMA WITH HER

3.- nuestras cartas no son para ellos, dádnoslas

OUR LETTERS ARE NOT FOR THEM, GIVE US THEM / GIVE THEM TO US

leaflet, brochure, flyer...

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Leaflet = a small flat or folded sheet of printed matter, as an advertisement or notice, usually intended for free distribution.  
A piece of paper which gives you information or advertises something

Brochure = a short booklet; a pamphlet or leaflet.

A type of small magazine that contains pictures and information on a product or a company

Flier,flyer(US):a small piece of paper with information on it about a product or event

voucher: a document, receipt, stamp, etc., that gives evidence of money spent or received.
A form or ticket that permits a payment of cash to the holder or serves as a credit against a future purchase or expense.

* different uses in different places.

http://blog.uprinting.com/the-difference-between-booklets-pamphlets-flyers-leaflets-and-brochures/
http://www.aart.us.com/marketing-materials.html

http://blog.eliteflyers.com/2013/01/07/the-difference-between-pamphlets-and-leaflets/

either.. or, neither... nor

either… or = o… o

neither… nor = ni… ni

EXAMPLES:

- puedes vivir tu vida miserable como la estás viviendo ahora o puedes entrar en la máquina del placer.

Either you can live your miserable life as you are living now or you can enter the Pleasure Machine.

Ni tú puedes escribir tan rápido ni tu hermana puede leer tan alto.

Neither you can write so fast nor your sister can read so loud.

pronombres... posesivos

review dictation+tenses+passive

some people choose the Pleasure Machine and others reject it.

Algunas personas eligen la Máquina del Placer y otras la rechazan.

Subject = some people

Verb = choose- chose-chosen

Object = the Pleasure Machine

Subject = others

Verb = reject

Object = it

·        Present simple

o      some people choose the Pleasure Machine and others reject it.

o      The Pleasure Machine is chosen by some people and it is rejected by others

·        Present cont

o      Some people are choosing the Pleasure Machine and others are rejecting it

o      The Pleasure Machine is being chosen by some people and it is being rejected by others

·        Future simp

o      Some people will choose the Pleasure Machine and others will reject it

o      The Pleasure Machine will be chosen by some people and it will be rejected by others

·        Past simp

o      Some people chose the Pleasure Machine and others rejected it

o      The Pleasure Machine was chosen by some people and it was rejected by others

·        Present perf

o      Some people have chosen the Pleasure Machine and others have rejected it

o      The Pleasure Machine has been chosen by some people and it has been rejected by others